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Realized P&L

Profit or loss locked in through closing trades or settlement, recorded in financial results and risk reporting.

Realized P&L is synonymous with realized profit/loss, representing the financial outcome of closed positions in trading. In commodities, it reflects profits or losses from finalized trades, excluding open exposure.

Accurate calculation is critical for risk management, performance analysis, and reporting. Traders evaluate realized P&L to adjust strategies, refine risk appetite, and optimize capital allocation.

For example, closing a swap contract at a favorable price compared to entry results in realized P&L, affecting available margin for new trades.

Monitoring realized P&L enables firms to distinguish between gains already secured and potential gains or losses from open positions, supporting disciplined trading practices.